1st Edition
Antiliberal Internationalism in the Twentieth Century Beyond Left and Right?
This book shows how antiliberal discourse, thought, and mobilization have, in defiance of nationalist aims, been significantly shaped and determined in the international sphere, as new collaborations position themselves against the liberal order established after the fall of the Berlin Wall.
Despite often drawing inspiration from nationalist movements and ideologies, antiliberalism is a phenomenon that transcends domestic contexts and settings in important ways. This collection of essays charts the many-sided aspects of twentieth-century internationalism and its contemporary developments across the globe. Without excluding well-known European sources of antiliberal internationalism, it decenters the European experience by exploring specific case studies from South and East India, the Middle East, the Americas, Africa and Oceania. Moreover, the volume abundantly demonstrates that “liberalism” and “anti-liberalism” cannot be considered as fixed entities, as (anti)liberalism was and is as much defined by its enemies as by its advocates.
This book is intended for scholars and students of International Studies, Intellectual History, Political History, Political Science, European Studies, and Global Studies, as well as for journalists and policymakers interested in contemporary Europe, cosmopolitanism, political polarization, and the traditions of the right and far-right.
Introduction: Antiliberal Internationalism in the Twentieth Century
Matthijs Lok, Marjet Brolsma, Robin de Bruin, Stefan Couperus and Rachel McElroy White
Part I: Theoretical Explorations
1. Liberalism’s Prefixes Issue: ill-, anti-, a-, non-, post-
Marlene Laruelle
2. The Economies of Liberal (and Illiberal) Internationalisms
Glenda Sluga
3. The Double Face of Anti-Liberalism in the Era of Fascism: A Global Approach
António Costa Pinto
Part II: Early 20th Century and the Interbellum
4. The Prussian Path: Transfers Between the German, Qing and Ottoman Empires and Their Republican Successor States (1870s–1930s)
Semet Maimaitiming and Klaus Weber
5. The Allure of Great Space: The Greater India Society and the Trope of Anti-Liberal Internationalism in British Bengal, 1920s–40s
Arnab Dutta
6. Antiliberal Internationalists in the League of Nations? Gonzague de Reynold, Alfredo Rocco, and Hugo Andres Krüss in the International Committee of Intellectual Cooperation
Jonathan Voges
Part III: (Post) Fascist Internationalism
7. “Neither Right, Nor Left”: Antiliberal Support for Italian Fascism in the United States
Katy Hull
8. Nazi Propaganda and Ethno-Religious Nationalism: The “German Society” of Aligarh Muslim University (1933–1940)
Baijayanti Roy
9. Reclaiming “National Autonomy”: Theodor Veiter and the Habsburg Legacy in Postwar International Refugee Law
Brandon Bloch
Part IV: Postwar Reconstruction
10. From the Third Way to Third Worldism: Anti-Western and Antiliberal Internationalism in Postcolonial Korea
Sungik Yang
11. God Against the Liberals: Thomas Molnar and Postliberal Internationalism
Katherine Booska
12. Harnessing Liberal Internationalism: The Rhetoric of the Anti-Liberal Rhodesian Front, 1962–1974
Siobhán Amelia Smith
Part V: From the 1970s Onwards
13. Oceanic Internationalism: Epeli Hau‘ofa and the Archipelagic Vision of the Pacific
Tomohito Baji
14. Meir Kahane and the Diffusion of Antiliberal Racism into Israeli Society
Avital Sicron
15. “Dhimmitude”, an International Theoretical site for Islamophobic Intellectuals
Chloe Kattar
16. SYRIZA, Podemos, Venceremos?: Internationalism in the Shadow Of the European Debt Crisis
Iason Zarikos and Georgios Giannakopoulos
Part VI: Epilogue
17. Anti-Politics and Exit on the Horizon
Benjamin R. Teitelbaum
Biography
Matthijs Lok is Senior Lecturer in European History at the Department of History and European Studies at the University of Amsterdam. He has published extensively on transnational antiliberalism, conservatism and Counter-Enlightenment, including Cosmopolitan Conservatisms (2021) and Europe against Revolution (2023).
Marjet Brolsma is Senior Lecturer in European Intellectual, Cultural, and Literary History at the European Studies department of the University of Amsterdam. She works on critiques of modernity, transnational history, propaganda in the First and Second World War, national identity discourses and ideas of Europe.
Robin de Bruin is a senior lecturer in the political history of European integration at the European Studies department of the University of Amsterdam. He has published on topics such as Euroscepticism, political exemplarity and the entanglement of processes of decolonization and European integration.
Stefan Couperus is Associate Professor of European Politics and Society at the University of Groningen in the Netherlands. He has published widely on the modern history of political representation and public administration in Western Europe and on contemporary populism and illiberalism.
Rachel McElroy White is Assistant Professor of Contemporary History at the University of Groningen. She is a specialist on the history of France and the French empire, Christianity and politics, war, and human rights, as well as the uses of photographs as historical sources.
